Ingredient

Vitamin E

Vitamin E (listed as tocopherol on ingredient labels) is a fat-soluble antioxidant that sits in the skin's lipid layers and neutralises free radical damage from UV, pollution, and blue light every day. It also reinforces the skin's protective barrier, improving moisture retention over time. Its greatest strength is as a team player: Vitamin E extends the effectiveness of Vitamin C—look for tocopherol at 0.5–2% alongside a Vitamin C serum, one of the best-studied antioxidant pairings in skincare.